Mergify: Space and Matter

Solar Eclipse in India | 2019 | Timings | Information | Updates | Latest | News | Partial Solar Eclipse

January 05, 2019Staff

Partial Solar Eclipse 2019 Date, Timings: January will be a good month for skygazers and astronomy enthusiasts with a partial solar eclipse and a total lunar eclipse taking place. On January 6, 2019, which is Sunday, first partial solar eclipse of the year will take place. The solar eclipse will be visible in parts of North-East Asia and the Pacific Ocean.
The total lunar eclipse takes place on January 21, and will be visible in Central Pacific, Americas, Europe, and Africa. In total, the year 2019 will see five lunar and solar eclipses. These will include two total solar eclipses, one total lunar eclipse and one partial lunar eclipse and one partial solar eclipse.
There will also be a transit of Mercury in November, when the planet appears to cross the Sun. The transit of Mercury takes place once every 13 years.

Partial solar eclipse on January 6: Where will it be visible?

The year will start with a partial solar eclipse on January 6, though it will not be visible in India. It will be visible from locations in north Pacific and northeast Asia, including China, part of Siberia in Russia, Korean peninsula, and Japan.
The partial solar eclipse’s duration has not been highlighted by NASA in its calendar, which tracks nearly all solar and lunar eclipses for the coming decades.

Partial solar eclipse on January 6: Timings

The Partial solar eclipse will take place around 23:34:08 in UTC, which stands for Coordinated Universal Time, and last till 03:48:46 UTC. In India, the relevant timings will be around 5 in the morning to 9 in the morning. However, this partial solar eclipse is not visible in India.

In Japan, the timings for partial solar eclipse translate to around 8.30 in the morning with the peak being at 10.41 AM for the event.

When will India see a total solar eclipse?

The first total solar eclipse will occur on July 2-3, but this will be limited to South Pacific and South America. This total solar eclipse will not be visible in India. However, India will see an annual solar eclipse in 2019 on December 26, 2019. The eclipse has a total timing of 03 minutes and 39 seconds and it will be visible in Saudi Arabia, India, Sumatra and Borneo.

What is a solar eclipse and what’s a partial solar eclipse?

An eclipse is a celestial phenomenon which takes place when the Sun, Moon, and Earth are aligned in a straight line. In a solar eclipse, it is in the Moon which blocks the Sun’s path and appears to stop the sunlight from reaching the Earth.

During a total solar eclipse, it turns dark during the day as the Sun is completely blocked by the Moon. When the Moon covers a certain portion of the Sun, and does not completely block the path, it is known as a partial solar eclipse. It is not safe to look at a solar eclipse without special protective eyewear, and this applies to partial solar eclipses as well.

featured Space and Matter Updates

NASA: Monday's Supermoon will be the Brightest and Closest

November 11, 2016Unknown

Space and Matter Technology

JUNO - a spacecraft which is going to reveal the secrets of JUPITER.

July 17, 2016Unknown

Have you ever wondered what causes the storm spin continuously for decades in the great red spot of Jupiter, well yes you might have thought and left it, as we all have no answers and clues either, but here is the NASA's daring mission to send a spacecraft to Jupiter's orbit.

JUNO - The NASA's most incredible spacecraft has arrived its expected destination after taking a long ride of five years. It was launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station on August 5, 2011, as part of the New Frontiers program, and entered Jupiter orbit on July 4, 2016. Juno is named after a Roman goddess who could see through clouds. The spacecraft has a diameter of about 3.5 meters about 12 feet and weighs 3,600 kg and the important spacecraft's "brain" is secured with an armored vault made of titanium and weighing almost 172kg (400lb).

Juno is designed to study and solve the mystery of what lies beneath the swirling storm clouds of great red spot and of course it will also study Jupiter's composition and gravitational and magnetic field, and search for clues about the planet's formation and the source of its raging winds, which can reach speeds of 384mph (618kph). It delivers stunning color photos via its JunoCam camera, which has a wide field of view geared for panoramic images. Juno has three huge solar panels, each 8.8 metres long and almost 2.8 metres wide (29ft by 9ft).

Juno's struggles:

The spacecraft is very huge for things to put in space. So it had to be launched on one of NASA's biggest rockets, the Atlas V. Next, Juno had to survive its five-year,1.7-billion-mile journey to reach Jupiter. In doing that, it had to cross the perilous asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Fortunately, each of the millions of asteroids is surrounded by billions of cubic meters of space. So, it turns out the probability of hitting an asteroid while passing through the belt is quite low. At last, as Juno approached the largest planet, it entered the riskiest phase of its mission. The spacecraft should have to travel at an incredible speed while being accelerated by Jupiter's gravity. This is the time where Juno was blasted with a big amount of radiation produced by Jupiter and tried to dodge debris around the planet.

For the next two years, the spinning, solar-powered will trace loops around the solar system's largest planet as it attempts to solve mysteries. The spacecraft is also carrying a plaque with words from the astronomer Galileo, who discovered the first moons of Jupiter, and three Lego mini-figures of Galileo and the Roman Gods Jupiter and Juno. Juno is, in fact, an apt name for the mission. According to Roman mythology, Jupiter drew a veil of cloud around himself to hide his mischiefs. But Juno,his wife found a way to peer through those clouds. The spacecraft Juno is going to try and do the same thing, under the gassy layer of Jupiter.

These are the LEGO figures flying aboard the Juno spacecraft.

So, let's relax and watch the upcoming solved mysteries of JUPITER and hope for the best of Juno - a NASA's great adventure.

For more information: http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/juno/main/index.html

News Space and Matter

Universe to die!

December 03, 2015Unknown

Science Space and Matter

Flowers can actually bloom in Space - Shocking discovery

November 19, 2015Apuroop

Science Space and Matter

The World is Halfway to 2°C - Temperature anomaly

November 12, 2015Apuroop

It’s all but certain that 2015 will end up as the hottest year on record. And in setting that mark, the world is on track to finish the year 1°C above pre-industrial levels, a dubious milestone.

That would make 2015 the first year to crack the halfway mark of 2°C warming, the benchmark that’s been targeted as “safe” climate change and what nations are working toward meeting ahead of climate talks in Paris in December. But Monday’s announcement by the U.K. Met Office hints at how difficult achieving that target will be.

Global temperature data for September 2015.
Credit: U.K. Met Office

Unlike carbon dioxide, which has risen steadily like a drumbeat every year since the Industrial Revolution due to human activities, the temperature is likely to fluctuate annually and could dip slightly in the coming years (though signs already point to 2016 being even hotter). But the 1°C of warming shows how humans are reshaping the climate in the here and now and not some distant future.

The Met Office maintains one of the four major global temperature records. It shows that through September, the planet is running 1.8°F (1.02°C) above normal. El Niño, the warming of waters in the eastern tropical Pacific, is a contributing factor. But it’s being layered on top of a long-term climate change signal, which has seen the world get hotter and hotter since record keeping began in the late 1800s.

In a separate announcement on Monday, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) announced that greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere have reached record highs. That includes global carbon dioxide reaching 400 parts per million (ppm) for the first time earlier this year at 40 carbon dioxide-monitoring stations.“We've had similar natural events in the past, yet this is the first time we're set to reach the 1°C marker and it's clear that it is human influence driving our modern climate into uncharted territory," Stephen Belcher, the director of the Met Office Hadley Center, said in a statement.

Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are the main drivers of climate change. The world has seen carbon dioxide risen more than 120 ppm since pre-industrial times. Readings at some stations, including the gold standard at Mauna Loa Observatory, are set to pass 400 ppm for the foreseeable future later this year. The WMO expects the global average to pass 400 ppm in 2016 as well.

With the planet having already run through two-thirds of its carbon budget — the amount of carbon that can be emitted before the world warms 2°C — scientists say that more action is needed to avoid the worst impacts of climate change.

Even if the world limits warming to 2°C, there are still wholesale changes in store for the planet.

Research released by Climate Central on Sunday shows that even if warming is capped at 2°C, sea level rise would still impact land that’s currently home to at least 130 million people. If warming reaches 7.2°F (4°C) above pre-industrial levels, land where 470 million to 760 million people live today would feel the impacts.

Science Space and Matter Technology

Hydrogen is a metal - Proved !

November 09, 2015Apuroop

Science Space and Matter

10 things that change your attitude towards time !

October 22, 2015Apuroop

“Time” is the most used noun in the English language, yet it remains a mystery. My brain is swimming with ideas and new questions. Here’s my stab at a top ten list partly inspired by our research: the things everyone should know about time. [Update: all of these are things I think are true, after quite a bit of deliberation. Not everyone agrees, although of course they should.]

1. Time exists :

Might as well get this common question out of the way. Of course time exists — otherwise how would we set our alarm clocks? Time organizes the universe into an ordered series of moments, and thank goodness; what a mess it would be if reality were complete different from moment to moment. The real question is whether or not time is fundamental, or perhaps emergent. We used to think that “temperature” was a basic category of nature, but now we know it emerges from the motion of atoms. When it comes to whether time is fundamental, the answer is: nobody knows. My bet is “yes,” but we’ll need to understand quantum gravity much better before we can say for sure.

2. The past and future are equally real :

This isn’t completely accepted, but it should be. Intuitively we think that the “now” is real, while the past is fixed and in the books, and the future hasn’t yet occurred. But physics teaches us something remarkable: every event in the past and future is implicit in the current moment. This is hard to see in our everyday lives, since we’re nowhere close to knowing everything about the universe at any moment, nor will we ever be — but the equations don’t lie. As Einstein put it, “It appears therefore more natural to think of physical reality as a four dimensional existence, instead of, as hitherto, the evolution of a three dimensional existence.”

3. Everyone experiences time differently :

This is true at the level of both physics and biology. Within physics, we used to have Sir Isaac Newton’s view of time, which was universal and shared by everyone. But then Einstein came along and explained that how much time elapses for a person depends on how they travel through space (especially near the speed of light) as well as the gravitational field (especially if its near a black hole). From a biological or psychological perspective, the time measured by atomic clocks isn’t as important as the time measured by our internal rhythms and the accumulation of memories. That happens differently depending on who we are and what we are experiencing; there’s a real sense in which time moves more quickly when we’re older.

4. You live in the past :

About 80 milliseconds in the past, to be precise. Use one hand to touch your nose, and the other to touch one of your feet, at exactly the same time. You will experience them as simultaneous acts. But that’s mysterious — clearly it takes more time for the signal to travel up your nerves from your feet to your brain than from your nose. The reconciliation is simple: our conscious experience takes time to assemble, and your brain waits for all the relevant input before it experiences the “now.” Experiments have shown that the lag between things happening and us experiencing them is about 80 milliseconds.

5. Your memory isn’t as good as you think :

When you remember an event in the past, your brain uses a very similar technique to imagining the future. The process is less like “replaying a video” than “putting on a play from a script.” If the script is wrong for whatever reason, you can have a false memory that is just as vivid as a true one. Eyewitness testimony, it turns out, is one of the least reliable forms of evidence allowed into courtrooms.

6. Consciousness depends on manipulating time :

Many cognitive abilities are important for consciousness, and we don’t yet have a complete picture. But it’s clear that the ability to manipulate time and possibility is a crucial feature. In contrast to aquatic life, land-based animals, whose vision-based sensory field extends for hundreds of meters, have time to contemplatea variety of actions and pick the best one. The origin of grammar allowed us to talk about such hypothetical futures with each other. Consciousness wouldn’t be possible without the ability to imagine other times.

7. Disorder increases as time passes :

At the heart of every difference between the past and future — memory, aging, causality, free will — is the fact that the universe is evolving from order to disorder. Entropy is increasing, as we physicists say. There are more ways to be disorderly (high entropy) than orderly (low entropy), so the increase of entropy seems natural. But to explain the lower entropy of past times we need to go all the way back to the Big Bang. We still haven’t answered the hard questions: why was entropy low near the Big Bang, and how does increasing entropy account for memory and causality and all the rest?

8. Complexity comes and goes :

Other than creationists, most people have no trouble appreciating the difference between “orderly” (low entropy) and “complex.” Entropy increases, but complexity is ephemeral; it increases and decreases in complex ways, unsurprisingly enough. Part of the “job” of complex structures is to increase entropy, e.g. in the origin of life. But we’re far from having a complete understanding of this crucial phenomenon.

9. Aging can be reversed :

We all grow old, part of the general trend toward growing disorder. But it’s only the universe as a whole that must increase in entropy, not every individual piece of it. (Otherwise it would be impossible to build a refrigerator.) Reversing the arrow of time for living organisms is a technological challenge, not a physical impossibility. And we’re making progress on a few fronts: stem cells, yeast, and even (with caveats) mice and human muscle tissue. As one biologist told me: “You and I won’t live forever. But as for our grand-kids, I’m not placing any bets.”

10. A lifespan is a billion heartbeats :

Complex organisms die. Sad though it is in individual cases, it’s a necessary part of the bigger picture; life pushes out the old to make way for the new. Remarkably, there exist simple scaling laws relating animal metabolism to body mass. Larger animals live longer; but they also metabolize slower, as manifested in slower heart rates. These effects cancel out, so that animals from shrews to blue whales have lifespans with just about equal number of heartbeats — about one and a half billion, if you simply must be precise. In that very real sense, all animal species experience “the same amount of time.” At least, until we master #9 and become immortal.

I hope you changed your attitude by this time but you are already late now by few milliseconds. :-)

Reference : Discover Magazine.
Images taken from Google

Science Space and Matter

Theory behind Jupiter's Great Red Spot - REVEALED

October 10, 2015Apuroop

The Great Red Spot is the most noticeable feature on Jupiter's surface a storm about 12,400 miles (20,000 km) long and 7,500 miles (12,000 km) wide,about two to three times larger than Earth.Winds at its oval edges can reach up to 425 mph (680 km/h). This gaint storm was first recorded in 1831 but may have first been discovered in 1665.

We may have a question that "How the Great Storm lasts hundreds of years?" ,"but based on the current theories, the Great Red Storm should have disappeared after several decades," researcher Pedram Hassanzadeh, a geophysical fluid dynamicist at Harvard University,said in a statement.

Vortices like the Great Red Spot can dissipate because of many factors. For instance, waves and turbulence in and around the storm sap its winds of energy. It also loses energy by radiating heat. Moreover, the Great Red Spot rests between two powerful jet streams in that flow in opposite directions and may slow down its spinning.

Some researchers suggest that large vortices such as the Great Red Spot gain energy and survive by absorbing smaller vortices. However, "this does not happen often enough to explain the Red Spot's longevity," researcher Philip Marcus, a fluid dynamicist and planetary scientist at the University of California, Berkeley said in a statement.

The Great Red Spot is not the only mysterious vortex. In fact, some of the storms that are seen in Earth's oceans and atmosphere, often live much longer than current theories can explain.

To help solve the mystery of the Great Red Spot's endurance, Hassanzadeh and Marcus developed a new 3D, high-resolution computer model of large vortices.

Models of vortices generally focus on swirling horizontal winds, where most of the energy resides. Although vortices also have vertical flows, these have much less energy. Therefore, "in the past, most researchers either ignored the vertical flow because they thought it was not important, or they used simpler equations because it was so difficult to model," Hassanzadeh said.

The researchers now find that vertical flows hold the key to the Great Red Spot's longevity: When the storm loses energy, vertical flows move hot and cold gases in and out of the storm, restoring part of the vortex's energy. Their model also predicts radial flows that suck winds from the high-speed jet streams around the Great Red Spot toward the storm's center, helping it last longer.

Together, vortices — whether on Jupiter or in Earth's oceans — may decay up to 100 times slower than researchers previously thought.

"Some vortices in the oceans have been observed to last for several years and are believed to play an important role in the oceanic ecosystem and ocean-atmosphere interaction," Marcus told SPACE.com. In addition, "vortices with physics very similar to the Great Red Spot are believed to contribute to star and planet formation processes, which would require them to last for several million years. Both oceanic and astrophysical vortices are subjected to dissipating processes, and the mechanism described here for the longevity of the Great Red Spot presents a very plausible explanation for their longevity as well."

The scientists caution that their model does not entirely explain the Great Red Spot's long life span. They suggest that occasional mergers with smaller vortices may help prolong the giant storm's life as well, and have begun modifying their computer model to test this idea.

In addition, their "current model does not account for compressibility of the flow or sphericity of the planet," Hassanzadeh told. "Although we believe that these effects do not change the conclusions of our work, we are planning to modify our model in the next step and include these effects."

The scientists will detail their findings Nov. 25 at the annual meeting of the American Physical Society's Division of Fluid Dynamics in Pittsburgh.

Image Credits :nasa.gov

Solar Eclipse in India | 2019 | Timings | Information | Updates | Latest | News | Partial Solar Eclipse

Partial solar eclipse on January 6: Where will it be visible?

Partial solar eclipse on January 6: Timings

When will India see a total solar eclipse?

What is a solar eclipse and what’s a partial solar eclipse?

NASA: Monday's Supermoon will be the Brightest and Closest

JUNO - a spacecraft which is going to reveal the secrets of JUPITER.

Universe to die!

UNIVERSE IS DYING OUT

HOW WILL IT HAPPEN?

HOW WAS THE STUDY CONDUCTED?

Flowers can actually bloom in Space - Shocking discovery

The World is Halfway to 2°C - Temperature anomaly

Hydrogen is a metal - Proved !

10 things that change your attitude towards time !

Theory behind Jupiter's Great Red Spot - REVEALED

Followers

Areas of interest

Popular Posts

Map

Blog Archive

Contact Form